Field experiments of success-breeds-success dynamics

Arnout van de Rijt; Soong Moon Kang; Michael RestivoAkshay Patil

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Field experiments of success-breeds-success dynamics

机译：Field experiments of success-breeds-success dynamics

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Seemingly similar individuals often experience drastically different success trajectories, with some repeatedly failing and others consistently succeeding. One explanation is preexisting variability along unobserved fitness dimensions that is revealed gradually through differential achievement. Alternatively, positive feedback operating on arbitrary initial advantages may increasingly set apart winners from losers, producing runaway inequality. To identify social feedback in human reward systems, we conducted randomized experiments by intervening in live social environments across the domains of funding, status, endorsement, and reputation. In each system we consistently found that early success bestowed upon arbitrarily selected recipients produced significant improvements in subsequent rates of success compared with the control group of nonrecipients. However, success exhibited decreasing marginal returns, with larger initial advantages failing to produce much further differentiation. These findings suggest a lesser degree of vulnerability of reward systems to incidental or fabricated advantages and a more modest role for cumulative advantage in the explanation of social inequality than previously thought.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2014年第19期|6934-6939|共6页
作者
Arnout van de Rijt; Soong Moon Kang; Michael RestivoAkshay Patil;
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作者单位

Computer Science, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794;

Departments of Sociology, State University of New York;

Department of Management Science and Innovation, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United KingdomDepartment of Sociology, State University of New York, Geneseo, NY 14454;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
experiments; success; dynamics;

Field experiments of success-breeds-success dynamics

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