Fine solid particles impair the permeability of a fixed bed through increased fluid-solid contact area and friction force. A deadman laden with fines has smaller passages that hinder the flow of iron and slag into the hearth. As shown in Figure 22, furnace conditions and permeability grow worse as the fine coke ratio (-0.2 inches) at the tuyere level increases in the deadman. Therefore, to limit the formation of fines, more details are necessary about their origin.
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