The virial equation of state for gases has been developed with the quantumhyphen;mechanical grand partition function as a basis, instead of with the usual Slater sum or the density matrix. Attention is thereby focused on the energy levels of systems of one, two, three, etc., molecules rather than on their wave functions. An explicit, closed solution has been found for thenth virial coefficient in terms of the firstncluster integrals which is valid either classically or quantum mechanically. A simple generating function for the virial coefficients has been proposed.
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