Observation of femtosecond X-ray interactions with matter using an X-ray-X-ray pump-probe scheme

Inoue Ichiro; Inubushi Yuichi; Sato TakahiroTono KensukeKatayama TetsuoKameshima TakashiOgawa KanadeTogashi TadashiOwada ShigekiAmemiya YoshiyukiTanaka TakashiHara ToruYabashi Makina

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Observation of femtosecond X-ray interactions with matter using an X-ray-X-ray pump-probe scheme

机译：Observation of femtosecond X-ray interactions with matter using an X-ray-X-ray pump-probe scheme

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摘要

Resolution in the X-ray structure determination of noncrystalline samples has been limited to several tens of nanometers, because deep X-ray irradiation required for enhanced resolution causes radiation damage to samples. However, theoretical studies predict that the femtosecond (fs) durations of X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses make it possible to record scattering signals before the initiation of X-ray damage processes; thus, an ultraintense X-ray beam can be used beyond the conventional limit of radiation dose. Here, we verify this scenario by directly observing femtosecond X-ray damage processes in diamond irradiated with extraordinarily intense (similar to 10(19) W/cm(2)) XFEL pulses. An X-ray pump-probe diffraction scheme was developed in this study; tightly focused double-5-fs XFEL pulses with time separations ranging from sub-fs to 80 fs were used to excite (i.e., pump) the diamond and characterize (i.e., probe) the temporal changes of the crystalline structures through Bragg reflection. It was found that the pump and probe diffraction intensities remain almost constant for shorter time separations of the double pulse, whereas the probe diffraction intensities decreased after 20 fs following pump pulse irradiation due to the X-ray-induced atomic displacement. This result indicates that sub-10-fs XFEL pulses enable conductions of damageless structural determinations and supports the validity of the theoretical predictions of ultraintense X-ray-matter interactions. The X-ray pump-probe scheme demonstrated here would be effective for understanding ultraintense X-ray-matter interactions, which will greatly stimulate advanced XFEL applications, such as atomic structure determination of a single molecule and generation of exotic matters with high energy densities.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2016年第6期|1492-1497|共6页
作者
Inoue Ichiro; Inubushi Yuichi; Sato TakahiroTono KensukeKatayama TetsuoKameshima TakashiOgawa KanadeTogashi TadashiOwada ShigekiAmemiya YoshiyukiTanaka TakashiHara ToruYabashi Makina;
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作者单位

Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Frontier Sci, Dept Adv Mat Sci, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778561, Japan;

RIKEN SPring 8 Ctr, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 6795148, Japan;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
X-ray free-electron laser; pump-probe; femtosecond X-ray damage;

Observation of femtosecond X-ray interactions with matter using an X-ray-X-ray pump-probe scheme

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