Network analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistry

Kevin J. McGuire; Christian E. Torgersen; Gene E. LikensDonald C. BusoWinsor H. LoweScott W. Bailey

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Network analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistry

机译：Network analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistry

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By coupling synoptic data from a basin-wide assessment of streamwater chemistry with network-based geostatistical analysis, we show that spatial processes differentially affect biogeochemical condition and pattern across a headwater stream network. We analyzed a high-resolution dataset consisting of 664 water samples collected every 100 m throughout 32 tributaries in an entire fifth-order stream network. These samples were analyzed for an exhaustive suite of chemical constituents. The fine grain and broad extent of this study design allowed us to quantify spatial patterns over a range of scales by using empirical semivariograms that explicitly incorporated network topology. Here, we show that spatial structure, as determined by the characteristic shape of the semivariograms, differed both among chemical constituents and by spatial relationship (flow-connected, flowunconnected, or Euclidean). Spatial structure was apparent at either a single scale or at multiple nested scales, suggesting separate processes operating simultaneously within the stream network and surrounding terrestrial landscape. Expected patterns of spatial dependence for flow-connected relationships (e.g., increasing homogeneity with downstream distance) occurred for some chemical constituents (e.g., dissolved organic carbon, sulfate, and aluminum) but not for others (e.g., nitrate, sodium). By comparing semivariograms for the different chemical constituents and spatial relationships, we were able to separate effects on streamwater chemistry of (i) fine-scale versus broad-scale processes and (ii) in-stream processes versus landscape controls. These findings provide insight on the hierarchical scaling of local, longitudinal, and landscape processes that drive biogeochemical patterns in stream networks.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2014年第19期|7030-7035|共6页
作者
Kevin J. McGuire; Christian E. Torgersen; Gene E. LikensDonald C. BusoWinsor H. LoweScott W. Bailey;
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作者单位

US Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Cascadia Field Station, and School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195;

Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Hubbard Brook Forest Station, North Woodstock, NH 03262;

Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, North Woodstock, NH 03262Virginia Water Resources Research Center and Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
Network; analysis; multiscale;

Network analysis reveals multiscale controls on streamwater chemistry

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