Evolution of increased glia-neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex

Sherwood  CC; Stimpson  CD; Raghanti  MAWildmand  DEUddin  MGrossman  LIGoodman  MRedmond  JCBonar  CJErwin  JM

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Evolution of increased glia-neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex

机译：Evolution of increased glia-neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex

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Evidence from comparative studies of gene expression and evolution suggest that human neocortical neurons may be characterized by unusually high levels of energy metabolism. The current study examined whether there is a disproportionate increase in glial cell density in the human frontal cortex in comparison with other anthropoid primate species (New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and hominoids) to support greater metabolic demands. Among 18 species of anthropoids, humans displayed the greatest departure from allometric scaling expectations for the density of glia relative to neurons in layer II/III of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (area 9L). However, the human glia-neuron ratio in this prefrontal region did not differ significantly from allometric predictions based on brain size. Further analyses of glia-neuron ratios across frontal areas 4, 9L, 32, and 44 in a sample of humans, chimpanzees, and macaque monkeys showed that regions involved in specialized human cognitive functions, such as "theory of mind" (area 32) and language (area 44) have not evolved differentially higher requirements for metabolic support. Taken together, these findings suggest that greater metabolic consumption of human neocortical neurons relates to the energetic costs of maintaining expansive dendritic arbors and long-range projecting axons in the context of an enlarged brain.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2006年第37期|13606-13611|共6页
作者
Sherwood CC; Stimpson CD; Raghanti MAWildmand DEUddin MGrossman LIGoodman MRedmond JCBonar CJErwin JM;
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作者单位

George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA;

Kent State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Kent, OH 44242 USA;

Kent State Univ, Sch Biomed Sci, Kent, OH 44242 USAWayne State Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Mol Med & Genet, Detroit, MI 48201 USAWayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Detroit, MI 48201 USAWayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Detroit, MI 48201 USANICHHD, Perinatol Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USAEmory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Neurosci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USAEmory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Ctr Behav Neurosci, Atlanta, GA 30329 USAFdn Comparat & Conservat Biol, Needmore, PA 17238 USA;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
allometry; human evolution; prefrontal cortex; brain energy metabolism; language evolution; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; MACAQUE MONKEY; NEUROFILAMENT PROTEIN; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PROJECTION NEURONS; ENERGY-METABOLISM; VULNERABLE SUBSET; PRIMATE BRAINS;

Evolution of increased glia-neuron ratios in the human frontal cortex

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