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Editorial

机译：社论

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摘要

Nanotechnology offers a host of new materials and novel functionalities that can be exploited for biological and chemical sensors. In many cases, materials at the nanoscale have unusual optical, magnetic, catalytic and mechanical properties which differ greatly from their bulk material counterparts. These unique properties are beginning to be harnessed for the development of novel sensors and transduction systems with improved spatial resolution, reduced detection volumes, higher sensitivity levels, and faster response times. Since a majority of biological processes occur at the nanoscale, these characteristics are highly desirable for biological sensing applications. In a typical cell, most of the major building blocks are nanoscale molecules that interact at nanometre length scales. Cell membranes and DNA are only a few nanometres wide, while the largest cellular proteins can be tens of nanometres in diameter. Such small dimensions require nanoscale sensors to accurately and sensitively probe highly complex biological systems.
机译：纳米技术提供了许多可用于生物和化学传感器的新材料和新颖功能。在许多情况下，纳米级材料具有不同寻常的光学，磁性，催化和机械性能，这与它们的本体材料相当不同。这些独特的特性已开始用于开发具有改进的空间分辨率，减小的检测体积，更高的灵敏度水平和更快的响应时间的新型传感器和转导系统。由于大多数生物过程都是在纳米级发生的，因此这些特征对于生物传感应用是非常需要的。在一个典型的细胞中，大多数主要构件都是纳米级分子，它们在纳米级尺度上相互作用。细胞膜和DNA仅有几纳米宽，而最大的细胞蛋白直径可达几十纳米。如此小的尺寸需要纳米级传感器来准确而灵敏地探测高度复杂的生物系统。

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