Estrogen receptor α polymorphism in a species with alternative behavioral phenotypes

Brent M. Horton; William H. Hudson; Eric A. OrtlundSandra ShirkJames W. ThomasEmily R. YoungWendy M. Zinzow-KramerDonna L. Maney

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Estrogen receptor α polymorphism in a species with alternative behavioral phenotypes

机译：Estrogen receptor α polymorphism in a species with alternative behavioral phenotypes

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The evolution of behavior relies on changes at the level of the genome; yet the ability to attribute a behavioral change to a specific, naturally occurring genetic change is rare in vertebrates. In the white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), a chromosomal polymorphism (ZAL2/2~m) is known to segregate with a behavioral phenotype. Individuals with the ZAL2~m haplotype engage in more territorial aggression and less parental behavior than individuals without it. These behaviors are thought to be mediated by sensitivity to sex steroids, and the chromosomal rearrangement underlying the polymorphism has captured a prime candidate gene: estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), which encodes estrogen receptor α (ERα). We therefore hypothesized that the behavioral effects of the ZAL2~m rearrangement are mediated by polymorphism in ESR1. We report here that (i) the ESR1 promoter region contains fixed polymorphisms distinguishing the ZAL2~m and ZAL2 alleles; (ii); those polymorphisms regulate transcription efficiency in vitro and therefore potentially do the same in vivo (iii); the local expression of ERα in the brain depends strongly on genotype in a freeliving population; and (iv) ERα expression in the medial amygdala and medial preoptic area may fully mediate the effects of genotype on territorial aggression and parenting, respectively. Thus, our study provides a rare glimpse of how a chromosomal polymorphism has affected the brain and social behavior in a vertebrate. Our results suggest that in this species, differentiation of ESR1 has played a causal role in the evolution of phenotypes with alternative life-history strategies.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2014年第4期|1443-1448|共6页
作者
Brent M. Horton; William H. Hudson; Eric A. OrtlundSandra ShirkJames W. ThomasEmily R. YoungWendy M. Zinzow-KramerDonna L. Maney;
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作者单位

Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322;

Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322;

NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852Department of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
estradiol; testosterone; morph; reproductive tactics;

Estrogen receptor α polymorphism in a species with alternative behavioral phenotypes

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