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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Technology and Society Magazine >Creating the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations of 1867-1914 and Their Lasting Impact Book Review; Smil, V.; 2005
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Creating the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations of 1867-1914 and Their Lasting Impact Book Review; Smil, V.; 2005

机译：创造二十世纪：1867-1914 年的技术创新及其持久影响 书评;斯米尔，V.;2005

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摘要

Interdisciplinary scholar Vaclav Smil has written a retrospective assessment of a remarkable era of scientific and technical innovation, primarily in North America and Europe. Smil locates in the late nineteenth century the origins of an "Age of Synergy," an age defined by the rise of electrical systems, the diffusion of internal combustion engines, a robust science of chemicals and materials, and the emergence of new modes of communication. Smil draws upon a broad array of secondary sources from the history of science and technology, economic history, and professional scientific and engineering institutions, as well as upon primary sources that illuminate the creation and reception of numerous technical innovations. However, Smil''s focus on the world inside the lab and the workshop leads him to divide a bit too neatly technical and social change and to suggest that technical change leads - in a linear fashion - to social change.
机译：跨学科学者瓦茨拉夫·斯米尔（Vaclav Smil）撰写了一篇回顾性评估报告，回顾了主要在北美和欧洲的科学和技术创新的非凡时代。斯米尔将“协同时代”的起源定位在19世纪后期，这个时代由电气系统的兴起、内燃机的普及、强大的化学和材料科学以及新通信模式的出现所定义。Smil 借鉴了来自科学技术史、经济史和专业科学和工程机构的大量二手资料，以及阐明众多技术创新的创造和接受的一手资料。然而，斯米尔对实验室和车间内部世界的关注导致他将技术变革和社会变革划分得过于整齐，并认为技术变革以线性方式导致社会变革。

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