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Methods for analysing county‐level mortality rates

机译:县级死亡率分析方法

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AbstractThe identification of counties burdened by exceptionally high rates of mortality is a fundamental step in the development of state‐based intervention and prevention strategies. However, the estimation of rates from small geographic areas presents special problems, especially for rare events. This paper compares the use of crude and age‐standardized rates to the use of Poisson regression models and empirical Bayes models for analysing county‐level mortality rates. The results demonstrate both practical and heuristic advantages of the empirical Bayes models. Age‐standardized rates adjust for differences in age structure among counties but are vulnerable to extreme variability in county age‐specific rates. In our example — an analysis of diabetes mortality rates — Poisson regression did not improve the variability of estimated county‐level rates. Adjusted empirical Bayes estimates dramatically shrink the observed rates while preserving some separation of the counties with extreme rates. Also, empirical Bayes estimates of rates for counties with no observed deaths are shrunk close to
机译:摘要确定死亡率异常高的县是制定基于国家的干预和预防策略的基本步骤。然而,从小地理区域估计发病率存在特殊问题,特别是对于罕见事件。本文比较了使用粗略和年龄标准化率与使用泊松回归模型和经验贝叶斯模型分析县级死亡率。结果证明了经验贝叶斯模型的实用性和启发式优势。年龄标准化率根据各县之间年龄结构的差异进行调整,但容易受到县特定年龄率的极端差异的影响。在我们的例子中 - 对糖尿病死亡率的分析 - 泊松回归并没有改善估计县级死亡率的变异性。调整后的经验贝叶斯估计大大缩小了观测到的比率,同时保留了极端比率县的一些分离。此外,对未观察到死亡的县的死亡率的经验贝叶斯估计值缩小到接近

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