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An agent-based model for simulating trading of multi-species fisheries quota

机译：基于代理的多品种渔业配额交易模拟模型

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Individual transferable quotas (ITQs) are increasingly seen as a way to make fisheries more profitable and halt over-capitalisation. ITQs allocate to users of a resource a share of a total allowable catch (TAC) which they are free to use, lease, or sell. We outline an approach to modelling the effect of an ITQ system in a multi-species, multi-sector fishery and apply it to the Coral Reef Fin Fish Fishery (CRFFF) in Queensland, Australia. An ITQ model, based on the assumption that operators seek to maximize profits, simulates the use of tradeable quota units by operators in the fishery, taking account of the initial quota allocation to operators, seasonal fish prices and individual operator variable costs, their fishing efficiency and experience, and constraints on vessel movements. Rationalization of the fishery is predicted to occur under an ITQ system for the CRFFF, which will lead to reductions in effort, increases in profits, and changes over time in quota prices. The ecological consequences of transferable quota in the multi-species fishery are seen in the catch and discard levels of the less profitable species, even though a TAC was set. This had flow-on effects on biomass. For example, simulations showed that the TAC for the primary target species, coral trout, was used more fully than that for a less valuable target species, red throat emperor, and that this was achieved through increased discarding of red throat emperor. Catches of both coral trout and red throat emperor that were derived from the model were higher than those recently observed in the fishery. The effort predicted by the model, however, closely approximated the actual effort observed in the fishery following implementation of ITQ management.
机译：越来越多的人将个人可转让配额（ITQ）视为使渔业更有利可图并制止过度资本化的一种方法。 ITQ向资源用户分配可自由使用，租赁或出售的总允许捕获量（TAC）的份额。我们概述了一种模拟ITQ系统在多物种，多部门渔业中的效果的方法，并将其应用于澳大利亚昆士兰州的珊瑚礁鳍鱼渔业（CRFFF）。一个ITQ模型，基于经营者寻求最大利润的假设，模拟了渔业中经营者对可交易配额单位的使用，并考虑了对经营者的初始配额分配，季节性鱼价和个体经营者可变成本，捕捞效率和经验，以及对船只运动的限制。预计在CRFFF的ITQ系统下将实现渔业合理化，这将导致工作量减少，利润增加以及配额价格随时间变化。即使设定了TAC，从收益较低的品种的捕捞和丢弃量中也可以看出多品种渔业可转移配额的生态后果。这对生物量具有持续影响。例如，模拟显示，主要目标物种珊瑚鳟鱼的TAC比价值不高的目标物种赤喉皇帝的TAC得到了更充分的利用，这是通过增加丢弃红喉皇帝来实现的。从该模型得到的珊瑚鳟鱼和红喉皇帝的捕获量均高于最近在渔业中观察到的捕获量。但是，模型预测的工作量非常接近实施ITQ管理后在渔业中观察到的实际工作量。

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