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首页> 外文期刊>Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America >Insulin therapy and hypoglycemia
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Insulin therapy and hypoglycemia

机译：胰岛素治疗和低血糖

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摘要

Hypoglycemia is the most important and common side effect of insulin therapy. It is also the rate limiting factor in safely achieving excellent glycemic control. A three-fold increased risk of severe hypoglycemia occurs in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes with tight glucose control. This dictates a need to individualize therapy and glycemia goals to minimize this risk. Several ways to reduce hypoglycemia risk are recognized and discussed. They include frequent monitoring of blood sugars with home blood glucose tests and sometimes continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in order to identify hypoglycemia particularly in hypoglycemia unawareness. Considerations include prompt measured hypoglycemia treatment, attempts to reduce glycemic variability, balancing basal and meal insulin therapy, a pattern therapy approach and use of a physiological mimicry with insulin analogues in a flexible manner. Methods to achieve adequate control while focusing on minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia are delineated in this article.
机译：低血糖症是胰岛素治疗最重要，最常见的副作用。它也是安全地实现出色的血糖控制的速率限制因素。严格控制血糖的1型和2型糖尿病患者发生严重低血糖的风险增加了三倍。这表明需要个性化治疗和血糖目标以最大程度地降低这种风险。人们已经认识到并讨论了几种降低低血糖风险的方法。它们包括通过家庭血糖测试频繁监测血糖，有时还包括连续血糖监测（CGM），以识别低血糖症，尤其是在对低血糖症不了解的情况下。考虑因素包括及时进行低血糖治疗，降低血糖变异性的尝试，平衡基础和餐前胰岛素治疗，模式治疗方法以及以类似方式灵活使用胰岛素类似物进行生理模拟。本文介绍了在充分控制低血糖风险的同时实现适当控制的方法。

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