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Perceptual awareness and active inference

机译：知觉意识和主动推理

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abstract_textpPerceptual awareness depends upon the way in which we engage with our sensorium. This notion is central to active inference, a theoretical framework that treats perception and action as inferential processes. This variational perspective on cognition formalizes the notion of perception as hypothesis testing and treats actions as experiments that are designed (in part) to gather evidence for or against alternative hypotheses. The common treatment of perception and action affords a useful interpretation of certain perceptual phenomena whose active component is often not acknowledged. In this article, we start by considering Troxler fading - the dissipation of a peripheral percept during maintenance of fixation, and its recovery during free (saccadic) exploration. This offers an important example of the failure to maintain a percept without actively interrogating a visual scene. We argue that this may be understood in terms of the accumulation of uncertainty about a hypothesized stimulus when free exploration is disrupted by experimental instructions or pathology. Once we take this view, we can generalize the idea of using bodily (oculomotor) action to resolve uncertainty to include the use of mental (attentional) actions for the same purpose. This affords a useful way to think about binocular rivalry paradigms, in which perceptual changes need not be associated with an overt movement./p/abstract_text
机译：知觉意识取决于我们与感官互动的方式。这个概念是主动推理的核心，主动推理是一个将感知和行动视为推理过程的理论框架。这种认知的变异观点将感知的概念正式化为假设检验，并将行为视为实验，这些实验旨在（部分）收集支持或反对替代假设的证据。对知觉和行动的共同处理为某些知觉现象提供了有用的解释，这些现象的积极成分往往不被承认。在本文中，我们首先考虑Troxler衰落 - 在维持注视期间外围感知的消散，以及在自由（扫视）探索期间的恢复。这提供了一个重要的例子，说明如果不主动询问视觉场景，就无法保持感知。我们认为，这可以理解为当自由探索被实验指令或病理学破坏时，对假设刺激的不确定性的积累。一旦我们接受了这个观点，我们就可以将使用身体（动眼神经）动作来解决不确定性的想法推广到包括为同一目的使用心理（注意）动作。这为思考双眼竞争范式提供了一种有用的方法，在这种范式中，知觉变化不需要与明显的运动相关联。

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