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Doping in East Germany: drugs as a geopolitical tool

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Swimming, weightlifting, cycling, football, etc.: few sports can avoid suspicions of doping these days. This longstanding practice led to the introduction of anti-doping measures beginning in the 1950s and 1960s (1,2). In 1967, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) banned the use of certain substances by athletes taking part in the Olympic Games (1). Yet the development of regulations was far from successful in stamping out doping, as illustrated by the case of East Germany, now well documented due to the opening of the country's secret archives after 1989 (1). Sport in the GDR: a political issue. The German Democratic Republic (GDR), created in 1949, long struggled to obtain international recognition (3). The country therefore used other ways to achieve political legitimacy, including participation in international sporting events (1,3). Beginning in the 1960s, the GDR selected and trained its most promising athletes from a very young age, and implemented an intensive doping policy (4). The drugs most commonly used before 1974 were imported amphetamines (1,2). When these drugs were banned by the IOC, the GDR turned to new drugs, mainly anabolic-androgenic steroids, produced by the East German pharmaceutical company Jenapharm (1,2). Their effects include increased muscle strength, training endurance, and aggressiveness (1,2). These products were used in the sports clubs of the Ministry for State Security (Stasi), then in other organisations, usually without informing the athletes (1,4). A state doping programme. The success of the East German athletes in international competitions spurred the government to systematise this policy. Research led to the development of new performance-enhancing techniques, such as the use of growth hormones and blood transfusions. The state also systematised the distribution and use of doping agents in the field of sport (1,4).

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    《Prescrire international》 |2016年第175期|251-251|共1页
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  • 正文语种 英语
  • 中图分类 药学;
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