BackgroundThree mutations (R702W, G908R, and 1007fs) within theCARD15gene have been identified as independent risk factors for the development of Crohnrsquo;s disease (CD). Virtually all studies investigating the occurrence of these mutations in patients with CD have used separate PCR-based methods to screen patient DNA, here we describe a novel multiplex amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) assay that allows the simultaneous detection of R702W, G908R, and 1007fs, and a fourthCARD15variant, P268S, at a fraction of the cost of the pre-existing genotyping assays.MethodsAllele-specific primer sets were designed for eachCARD15variant, optimized separately for annealing temperature and MgCl2and then multiplexed. The mutant- and wild-type-specific primers were split across two tubes so that each multiplex reaction was internally controlled for amplification failure. An additional primer pair specific to beta;2-microglobulin was included as an independent control for DNA quality. The specificity of each primer set was tested using positive controls that had been validated by sequencing, and the robustness of the final ARMS assay was assessed by genotyping 111 Caucasian patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).ResultsThe specificity of each primer set was confirmed using a sequence validated positive control for each of the fourCARD15variants. Of the 111 DNA samples screened with our ARMS assay, a clearCARD15genotype was obtained for 109 patients.Discussion and conclusionsGiven the potential predictive value of R702W, G980R, and 1007fs, a robust genotyping method for these variants would be of considerable value both in diagnostic and research settings. Our ARMS assay only takes 3ndash;4 hours to perform once DNA has been extracted and requires only 1U ofTaqDNA polymerase, making it a rapid, reliable, and cost-effective alternative to currentCARD15genotyping methods.
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