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首页> 外文期刊>Estuaries and coasts >Non-monotonic Responses of Phytoplankton Biomass Accumulation to Hydrologic Variability: A Comparison of Two Coastal Plain North Carolina Estuaries
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Non-monotonic Responses of Phytoplankton Biomass Accumulation to Hydrologic Variability: A Comparison of Two Coastal Plain North Carolina Estuaries

机译：浮游植物生物量积累对水文变异的非单调响应：两个沿海平原北卡罗莱纳州河口的比较

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摘要

Freshwater inputs often play a more direct role in estuarine phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) accumulation than nitrogen (N) inputs, since discharge simultaneously controls both phytoplankton residence time and N loading. Understanding this link is critical, given potential changes in climate and human activities that may affect discharge and watershed N supply. Chlorophyll a (chla) relationships with hydrologic variability were examined in 3-year time series from two neighboring, shallow (<5 m), microtidal estuaries (New and Neuse River estuaries, NC, USA) influenced by the same climatic conditions and events. Under conditions ranging from drought to floods, N concentration and salinity showed direct positive and negative responses, respectively, to discharge for both estuaries. The response of chla to discharge was more complex, but was elucidated through conversion of discharge to freshwater flushing time, an estimate of transport time scale. Non-linear fits of chla to flushing time revealed nonmonotonic, unimodal relationships that reflected the changing balance between intrinsic growth and losses through time and along the axis of each estuary. Maximum biomass occurred at approximately 10-day flushing times for both systems. Residual analysis of the fitted data revealed positive relationships between chla and temperature, suggesting enhanced growth rates at higher temperatures. N loading and system-wide, volume-weighted chla were positively correlated, and biomass yields per N load were greater than other marine systems. When combined with information on loss processes, these results on the hydrologic control of phytoplankton biomass will help formulate mechanistic models necessary to predict ecosystem responses to future climate and anthropogenic changes.
机译：淡水输入通常比氮（N）输入在河口浮游植物生物量（叶绿素a）的积累中具有更直接的作用，因为排泄物同时控制浮游植物的停留时间和氮负荷。考虑到气候和人类活动的潜在变化可能影响排放和流域氮供应，因此了解这一联系至关重要。在3年的时间序列中，从受相同气候条件和事件影响的两个相邻的浅潮（<5 m）潮汐河口（美国北卡罗来纳州新和Neuse河河口）检查了叶绿素a（chla）与水文变异的关系。在从干旱到洪水的各种条件下，两个河口的氮浓度和盐分分别对排放都有直接的正响应和负响应。 chla对排放的响应更为复杂，但通过将排放转换为淡水冲洗时间（运输时间尺度的估计值）得以阐明。 chla与潮冲时间的非线性拟合显示非单调的单峰关系，反映了随着时间的推移以及沿每个河口轴的内在增长与损失之间不断变化的平衡。对于两个系统，最大的生物量均发生在大约10天的冲洗时间。拟合数据的残差分析显示chla与温度之间存在正相关关系，表明在较高温度下生长速率提高。氮负荷与整个系统的体积加权chla呈正相关，每氮负荷的生物量产量高于其他海洋系统。当结合损失过程的信息时，这些有关浮游生物生物量水文控制的结果将有助于建立必要的机理模型，以预测生态系统对未来气候和人为变化的响应。

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