An overview of monolithic radio-frequency (RF) active mixer design is presented. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part discusses the performance parameters that are relevant to the design of down-conversion mixers, and how theyaffect the system performance. The second part presents three common kinds of mixer topologies, namely, unbalanced, single-balanced, and double-balanced designs. This paper concentrates on active mixers only. The advantages and disadvantages, as well asthe design and optimization techniques for the three kinds of mixers, are discussed.
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