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首页> 外文期刊>Computer speech & language >The listening talker: A review of human and algorithmiccontext-induced modifications of speech
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The listening talker: A review of human and algorithmiccontext-induced modifications of speech

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Speech output technology is finding widespread application, including in scenarios where intelligibility might be compromised -at least for some listeners - by adverse conditions. Unlike most current algorithms, talkers continually adapt their speech patterns asa response to the immediate context of spoken communication, where the type of interlocutor and the environment are the dominantsituational factors influencing speech production. Observations of talker behaviour can motivate the design of more robust speechoutput algorithms. Starting with a listener-oriented categorisation of possible goals for speech modification, this review articlesummarises the extensive set of behavioural findings related to human speech modification, identifies which factors appear to bebeneficial, and goes on to examine previous computational attempts to improve intelligibility in noise. The review concludes bytabulating 46 speech modifications, many of which have yet to be perceptually or algorithmically evaluated. Consequently, thereview provides a roadmap for future work in improving the robustness of speech output.

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