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首页> 外文期刊>Expert opinion on biological therapy >The role of Epstein-Barr virus in cancer.
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The role of Epstein-Barr virus in cancer.

机译：爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒在癌症中的作用。

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Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), discovered > 40 years ago from a Burkitt's lymphoma biopsy, was the first virus to be directly associated with human cancer. EBV has two distinct life cycles in the human host; a lytic form of infection that produces new infectious virions, and a latent form of infection that allows the virus to persist in a dormant state for the lifetime of the host. EBV has evolved a life cycle that mimics the natural differentiation pathway of antigen-activated B cells, giving the virus access to its site of latent infection, the resting memory B cell. By steering infected cells through the various stages of lymphocyte differentiation, EBV is able to enter a cell type suitable for long-term latent persistence and periodic reactivation. However, its presence in various stages of B-cell development, and its ability to infect certain epithelial cells, can have pathogenic consequences, and can contribute to the development of a diverse group of lymphomas and carcinomas. The presence of EBV in the tumour cells of EBV-associated cancers might provide a basis for specific therapy. This article focuses on the contributions that the virus may play in different types of human cancer, particularly Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, lymphomas and lymphoproliferative diseases in the immunocompromised, and nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinoma.
机译：超过40年前从伯基特氏淋巴瘤活检中发现的爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是第一种与人类癌症直接相关的病毒。 EBV在人类宿主中有两个不同的生命周期;裂解形式的感染会产生新的传染性病毒体，而潜伏的感染形式则会使病毒在宿主的整个生命周期中都处于休眠状态。 EBV进化了一个生命周期，该生命周期模仿了抗原激活的B细胞的自然分化途径，使病毒可以进入其潜在感染部位，即静止的记忆B细胞。通过引导感染的细胞通过淋巴细胞分化的各个阶段，EBV能够进入适合长期潜伏性持久和周期性重新激活的细胞类型。然而，其在B细胞发育各个阶段的存在以及其感染某些上皮细胞的能力可能会产生致病性后果，并可能有助于多种淋巴瘤和癌的发展。与EBV相关的癌症的肿瘤细胞中EBV的存在可能为特定疗法提供基础。本文着重探讨了该病毒可能在不同类型的人类癌症中发挥的作用，特别是伯基特氏淋巴瘤，霍奇金淋巴瘤，免疫功能低下的淋巴瘤和淋巴增生性疾病以及鼻咽癌和胃癌。

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