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Targeted therapy for NSCLC with driver mutations

机译:具有驱动突变的非小细胞肺癌的靶向治疗

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Introduction: Activating mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene and rearrangement of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene best illustrate the therapeutic relevance of molecular characterization in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Several genetic aberrations with a potential prognostic or predictive role have been identified, mainly in adenocarcinoma subtype, including ROS1, RET, MET, HER2, BRAF and KRAS. More recently oncogenic drivers, such as DDR2, FGFR1 and PI3KCA, have been characterized in squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) and target agents are currently under evaluation. The aim of this review is to summarize the growing scenario of new targetable oncogenes in NSCLC. Areas covered: For this review article all published data on NSCLC genomic alterations, including the techniques employed for oncogenic drivers identification, the prevalence of each one in lung cancer subtypes, the preclinical data corroborating their role in tumorigenesis and the potential biological tailored agents tested and under evaluation were collected and analyzed using PubMed. Expert opinion: Oncogenic products represent reliable targets for drug therapy and the expanding knowledge of molecular pathways involved in lung tumorigenesis is resulting in a dramatic change of treatment strategies leading to an improvement in disease and symptom control, extending life duration and improving quality of life.
机译:简介:表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因的激活突变和间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)基因的重排最能说明非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者分子表征的治疗意义。已经鉴定了几种具有潜在预后或预测作用的遗传异常,主要在腺癌亚型中,包括ROS1,RET,MET,HER2,BRAF和KRAS。最近,已在鳞状细胞肺癌(SCC)中鉴定了致癌驱动程序,例如DDR2,FGFR1和PI3KCA,目前正在评估目标药物。这篇综述的目的是总结NSCLC中新的可靶向致癌基因的增长情况。涵盖的领域:对于这篇综述文章,所有已发表的有关NSCLC基因组改变的数据,包括用于鉴定致癌驱动程序的技术,每个肺癌亚型的患病率,证实其在肿瘤发生中作用的临床前数据以及所测试和潜在的生物学定制试剂。使用PubMed收集并分析接受评估的对象。专家意见:致癌产品是药物治疗的可靠靶点,与肺肿瘤发生有关的分子途径的不断扩展的知识导致治疗策略的巨大变化,从而导致疾病和症状控制的改善,寿命的延长和生活质量的改善。

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