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Stable isotope signals from brines in the Barents Sea: Implications for brine formation during the last glaciation

机译:来自巴伦支海盐水的稳定同位素信号:对最后一次冰期形成盐水的影响

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摘要

The delta O-18 and delta C-13 values of benthic foraminifera from the cold stadials of the last glacial period in the Nordic seas are low, whereas the values from the warm interstadials are high. The low values have been attributed to brine formation carrying a low stable isotope signal from the surface water into deep water, as occurs around Antarctica today. Brines are often considered to have played a major role for the abrupt millennial-scale climate shifts during the last glaciation. However, very little is known of the isotopic composition of modern brines in the Northern Hemisphere, greatly hampering the interpretation of past data. Here we report on the oxygen and carbon isotope composition of benthic foraminifera in two cores from a brine-influenced shelf environment in Storfjorden, Svalbard, in the Barents Sea. The results indicate that brines with sufficient density to contribute significantly to intermediate and deep water are formed from cold, salty waters and have high delta O-18 and delta C-13 values. Brines with low delta O-18 values formed from cold, fresher water have relatively low density, and they are unable to penetrate the deeper parts of the Arctic and Nordic seas. This indicates that the low benthic delta O-18 and delta C-13 values obtained from the Nordic seas during stadials cannot be attributed to brines. The implication is that brines did not contribute significantly to the millennial-scale climate shifts.
机译:北欧海最后一个冰期的寒冷季节底栖有孔虫的δO-18和δC-13值较低,而温暖的陆栖间孔的底栖动物的δO-18和δC-13值较低。较低的值归因于盐水的形成,因为这种盐水形成了从地表水到深水的低稳定同位素信号,就像今天在南极洲附近那样。人们通常认为,在上一次冰期期间,盐水在千禧年规模突然的气候变化中起了重要作用。但是,对北半球现代盐水的同位素组成知之甚少,极大地阻碍了对过去数据的解释。在这里,我们报道了在巴伦支海斯瓦尔巴特群岛的斯托夫约登,一个受盐水影响的货架环境中,两个岩心中底栖有孔虫的氧和碳同位素组成。结果表明,冷,咸水形成密度足以显着促进中间水和深水的盐水,并且具有较高的δO-18和δC-13值。由较冷的淡水形成的O-18值较低的卤水密度相对较低,无法穿透北极和北欧海域的较深部分。这表明在定居期间从北欧海获得的底栖三角洲O-18和C-13三角洲值较低,不能归因于盐水。言外之意是盐水对千禧年规模的气候变化没有显着贡献。

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