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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of environmental science and health, Part A. Toxic/hazardous substances & environmental engineering >Differential Effects of Fluoranthene and Benzoapyrene in MCF-7 Cells
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Differential Effects of Fluoranthene and Benzoapyrene in MCF-7 Cells

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants, which are suspected carcinogens and may affect the reproductive system as potential endocrine disrupters. Therefore, we tested fluoranthene (FL) and benzoapyrene (BaP) on human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 cells) to determine possible toxic effects. The cells were incubated in the presence of medium, medium containing 0.1 dimethylsul-foxide (DMSO) as vehicle, or in the presence of FL (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml), BaP (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml), 17β-estradiol (E_2; 5 μg/ml and 500 ng/ml), or tamoxifen (Tx; 5 μg/ml and 500 ng/ml). After 24 h, FL (100 μg/ml), BaP (100 μg/ml), or Tx (5 μg/ml) killed significant numbers of cells. After 72 h, FL (50 and 100 μg/ml), BaP (100 μg/ml), E_2 (5 μg/ml), or Tx (5 μg/ml and 500 ng/ml) decreased MCF-7 cell viability significantly as demonstrated by the MTT assay. Measurement of DNA synthesis was conducted using ~3H-thymidine incorporation into MCF-7 cell DNA for 72 h. After 72 h, BaP (10, 50, and 100 μg/ml) and Tx (5 μg/ml and 500 ng/ml) significantly decreased DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells. FL did not significantly alter ~3H-thymidine incorporation into the cells. While higher concentration of E_2 (5 μg/ml) decreased ~3H-thymidine incorporation, the lower concentration of E_2 (500 ng/ml) increased cell proliferation. Apoptotic response was tested by in situ fluorescence staining of cells incubated for 72 h in media containing 0.1 DMSO, or vehicle containing FL (10 μg/ml), BaP (10 μg/ml), E_2 (500 ng/ml), or Tx (500 ng/ml). Microscopic examination demonstrated presence of apoptosis with BaP (10 μg/ml) and Tx (500 ng/ml), but not with FL (10 μg/ml) and E_2 (500 ng/ml). The cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry demonstrated that E_2 (500 ng/ml) did not significantly change the progression of MCF-7 cells after 72 h of incubation. However, FL (10 μg/ml) only suppressed G_2/M phase. Tx (500 ng/ml) blocked G_0/G_1, S, and G_2/M phases, and BaP (10 μg/ml) suppressed the G_0/G_1 phase. These data suggest that BaP on MCF-7 cells is growth inhibitory and apoptotic, whereas the toxic effects of FL are not exerted through apoptosis.

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