References include the U.S. Department of Transportation PHMSA Pipeline Leak Detection Technology Study Report to Congress as required by Section 21 of the Pipeline Inspection, Protection, Enforcement, and Safety (PIPES) Act of 2006, Public Law 109-468 Supplemented by the PRCI current 2011 pending research report and US DOT PHMSA "Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) closed in February 2011 and formal comments/recommendations to the ANPRM by American Petroleum Institute (API) and Association of Oil Pipe Lines (AOPL). The energy transportation pipeline network of the United States consists of more than 2 million miles of pipelines. A dependable leak detection system (LDS) is important to promptly identify when a leak is occurring in order to shut down the line, isolate the leak, initiate response actions, reduce the volume of the spill, and mitigate safety, environmental, and economic consequences of the release.
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