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Proteomics

机译：蛋白质组学

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Proteomics has been widely applied to several biomedical fields in recent years. The high-throughput capability of proteomics allows simultaneous examination of numerous proteins and offers the possibility of a global analysis of proteins in cells, tissues or biofluids. The rapid progress in the field of proteomics is based primarily on the success of protein separation sciences (either gel-based or gel-free techniques) and recent advances of mass spectrometry. Unlike the genome, the proteome is dynamic and varies according to cell type and functional state of the cell. In addition, gene expression does not always correlate with protein expression as one gene can be modified to be several products or proteins that directly govern cellular function.Thus, proteome analysis is expected to provide a wealth of ' useful information in nutrition research on the effects of nutrients or food components on metabolic pathways. Such research allows experts to explore the regulatory mechanisms for maintainingnormal homeostasis during nutritional imbalance, to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and pathophysiology of nutritional disorders, to define molecular targets of bioactive food components and to identify biomarkers that can be used as diagnostic, predictive or prognostic factors. This paper will provide a brief overview of proteomics, a summary of current proteomic technologies and an example of proteomic application to nutrition research. Finally, the concept of systems biology, which involves integrative 'omics' (i.e., combining genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, lipomics and metabolomics) as well as bioinformatics and modeling, will be discussed. Due to the extent of information that can be obtained from systems biology, this ideal approach holds great promise for future nutrition research.
机译：近年来，蛋白质组学已广泛应用于几个生物医学领域。蛋白质组学的高通量能力允许同时检查多种蛋白质，并提供对细胞，组织或生物流体中蛋白质进行全局分析的可能性。蛋白质组学领域的快速发展主要基于蛋白质分离科学（基于凝胶或无凝胶的技术）的成功以及质谱的最新进展。与基因组不同，蛋白质组是动态的，并根据细胞的类型和细胞的功能状态而变化。另外，基因表达并不总是与蛋白质表达相关，因为一个基因可以被修饰成直接控制细胞功能的多种产物或蛋白质。因此，蛋白质组学分析有望在营养研究中提供大量有用的信息营养成分或食物成分在代谢途径上的分布。此类研究使专家能够探索在营养失衡期间维持正常体内平衡的调节机制，从而更好地了解营养失调的致病机制和病理生理，确定具有生物活性的食品成分的分子靶标，并确定可用作诊断，预测或预后的生物标志物。因素。本文将提供蛋白质组学的简要概述，当前蛋白质组学技术的摘要以及蛋白质组学在营养研究中的应用实例。最后，将讨论系统生物学的概念，其中涉及集成的“组学”（即，将基因组学，转录组学，蛋白质组学，脂质组学和代谢组学结合在一起）以及生物信息学和建模。由于可以从系统生物学中获得大量信息，因此这种理想的方法对未来的营养研究具有广阔的前景。

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