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Early Nutrition: Impact on Epigenetics

机译：早期营养：对表观遗传学的影响

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Background/Aims: (1) lo outline the findings that alterations in nutation in utero and in early postnatal life influence health in later life. (2) To review the evidence that alterations in epigenetic markings may be a means by which the genome records environmental (including nutritional) exposure resulting in changes in gene expression and cell function which underlie susceptibility to disease. Methods: Literature review. Results: There is strong evidence that low birth weight, especially when followed by accelerated growth in childhood and greater central adiposity in adulthood, is a risk factor for a range of common diseases including cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Such observations provide the basis for the 'programming' hypothesisand present a challenge to discover the mechanisms by which nutritional insults in early life are received, recorded, remembered and then revealed in later life. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in epigenetic marking of the genome may be a key mechanism by which nutritional exposure in utero can influence gene expression, and therefore, phenotype. Conclusion: Early life nutrition has the potential to change chromatin structure, to alter gene expression and to modulate health throughout the life course. Whether later interventions can reverse adverse epigenetic markings remains to be discovered.
机译：背景/目的：（1）概述子宫内和产后早期的章动性变化影响晚年健康的发现。 （2）回顾证据，表观遗传标记的改变可能是基因组记录环境（包括营养）暴露导致基因表达和细胞功能变化的一种手段，从而改变了对疾病的敏感性。方法：文献复习。结果：有强有力的证据表明，低出生体重，尤其是在儿童期加速增长和成年后中央肥胖增加的情况下，是一系列常见疾病（包括心血管疾病和2型糖尿病）的危险因素。这些观察为“编程”假设提供了基础，并提出了一个挑战，以发现早年收到，记录，记住并在晚年发现营养损伤的机制。越来越多的证据表明，基因组表观遗传标记的改变可能是子宫内营养暴露影响基因表达以及表型的关键机制。结论：早期营养在整个生命过程中具有改变染色质结构，改变基因表达和调节健康的潜力。以后的干预是否可以逆转不良的表观遗传标记尚待发现。

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