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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of bacteriology. >The Length of Lipoteichoic Acid Polymers Controls Staphylococcus aureus Cell Size and Envelope Integrity
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The Length of Lipoteichoic Acid Polymers Controls Staphylococcus aureus Cell Size and Envelope Integrity

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The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is protected by a cell envelope that is crucial for viability. In addition to peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an especially important component of the S. aureus cell envelope. LTA is an anionic polymer anchored to a glycolipid in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. It was known that deleting the gene for UgtP, the enzyme that makes this glycolipid anchor, causes cell growth and division defects. In Bacillus subtilis, growth abnormal-ities from the loss of ugtP have been attributed to both the absence of the encoded protein and the loss of its products. Here, we show that growth defects in S. aureus ugtP deletion mutants are due to the long, abnormal LTA polymer that is produced when the glycolipid anchor is missing from the outer leaflet of the membrane. Dys-regulated cell growth leads to defective cell division, and these phenotypes are cor-rected by mutations in the LTA polymerase gene, ltaS, that reduce polymer length. We also show that S. aureus mutants with long LTA are sensitized to cell wall hydro -lases, beta-lactam antibiotics, and compounds that target other cell envelope path-ways. We conclude that control of LTA polymer length is important for S. aureus physiology and promotes survival under stressful conditions, including antibiotic stress.

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