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The Influence of Austempering Conditions on the Machinability of a Ductile Iron

机译：奥氏体化条件对球墨铸铁可加工性的影响

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Austempering conditions such as temperature and time and their influence on austempered ductile iron machinability were analyzed. Austenitization at 910 degrees C for 90min and austempering into molten salt bath at 300 degrees C, 360 degrees C, and 420 degrees C for 30, 60, and 90min each were performed. Microstructures were analyzed by optical microscopy and hardness measurements. Samples were further machined in a lathe for machinability tests. The lathe was instrumented considering power and cutting time and machinability evaluation performed referring to cutting force and material removal. Microstructures at 300 degrees C for 30min showed ausferrite with retained austenite and martensite. Retained austenite decreased and acicular ferrite sheaves appeared at 60-min austempering time. Mixed bainite was also present at 90-min austempering. Ausferrite and retained austenite were observed in all austempering periods at 360 degrees C, whereas at 420 degrees C only bainite and fine pearlite were present. Hardness increased with increasing temperature at 30-min austempering and decreased with increasing time. However, an exception was observed at 420 degrees C. The highest machinability performance was achieved at 360 degrees C at 60-min austempering, and the lowest performance at 420 degrees C at 90-min austempering.
机译：分析了温度和时间等奥氏体化条件及其对奥氏体球墨铸铁可加工性的影响。在910摄氏度下进行90分钟的奥氏体化，然后分别在300摄氏度，360摄氏度和420摄氏度的温度下在30、60和90分钟的时间里在熔融盐浴中回火。通过光学显微镜和硬度测量来分析微观结构。样品在车床上进一步加工以进行切削性测试。在考虑到功率和切削时间的基础上对车床进行仪表化，并根据切削力和材料去除率对切削性进行评估。在300℃下30分钟的显微组织显示出奥氏体具有残留的奥氏体和马氏体。在60分钟的回火时间，残余奥氏体减少，并出现针状铁素体绳轮。在90分钟的回火温度下也存在混合贝氏体。在所有奥氏体回火期间，在360摄氏度下均观察到奥氏体和残余奥氏体，而在420摄氏度下仅存在贝氏体和细珠光体。在30分钟的回火温度下，硬度随温度升高而增加，并随时间的增加而降低。但是，在420℃观察到例外。在60分钟的回火温度下在360℃时可获得最高的切削性能，而在90分钟的回火温度下在420℃时可获得的切削性能最低。

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