Programming social, cognitive, and neuroendocrine development by early exposure to novelty

Tang  AC; Akers  KG; Reeb  BCRomeo  RDMcEwen  BS

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Programming social, cognitive, and neuroendocrine development by early exposure to novelty

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Mildly stressful early life experiences can potentially impact a broad range of social, cognitive, and physiological functions in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. Recent rodent studies favor a maternal-mediation hypothesis that considers maternal-care differences induced by neonatal stimulation as the cause of individual differences in offspring development. Using neonatal novelty exposure, a neonatal stimulation paradigm that dissociates maternal individual differences from a direct stimulation effect on the offspring, we investigated the effect of early exposures to novelty on a diverse range of psychological functions using several assessment paradigms. Pups that received brief neonatal novelty exposures away from the home environment showed enhancement in spatial working memory, social competition, and corticosterone response to surprise during adulthood compared with their home-staying siblings. These functional enhancements in novelty-exposed rats occurred despite evidence that maternal care was directed preferentially toward home-staying instead of novelty-exposed pups, indicating that greater maternal care is neither necessary nor sufficient for these early stimulation-induced functional enhancements. We suggest a unifying maternal-modulation hypothesis, which distinguishes itself from the maternal-mediation hypothesis in that (i) neonatal stimulation can have direct effects on pups, cumulatively leading to long-term improvement in adult offspring; and (ii) maternal behavior can attenuate or potentiate these effects, thereby decreasing or increasing this long-term functional improvement.

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《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》 |2006年第42期|15716-15721|共6页
作者
Tang AC; Akers KG; Reeb BCRomeo RDMcEwen BS;
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作者单位

Univ New Mexico, Dept Psychol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA;

Univ New Mexico, Dept Neurosci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA;

Univ New Mexico, Dept Comp Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USARockefeller Univ, Lab Neuroendocrinol, New York, NY 10021 USA;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类自然科学总论;
关键词
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; maternal retrieval; neonatal handling; spatial learning; stress; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; MATERNAL-CARE; INFANTILE STIMULATION; CORTICOSTERONE RESPONSE; NEONATAL EXPOSURE; EARLY EXPERIENCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; BRAIN ASYMMETRY; SPATIAL MEMORY; RAT PUPS;

Programming social, cognitive, and neuroendocrine development by early exposure to novelty

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