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首页> 外文期刊>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Reply to Hupe et al.: The predictive correlation of pupil dilation and relative dominance durations in rivalry is not a statistical artifact
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Reply to Hupe et al.: The predictive correlation of pupil dilation and relative dominance durations in rivalry is not a statistical artifact

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We are encouraged by Hupe et al.’s (1) independent replicationof our findings (2) and the fact that our data per sestands uncontested. Hupe et al. argue against our interpretationof these results, based on removal of short dominancedurations from the analysis. Although it is no surprise thatselective removal of data points can reduce the significance ofany correlation, we appreciate the theoretic basis of their concern:Because pupil dilation persists for 1–2 s, short preswitchdominance durations may be disproportionately affected bythe pupil dilation accompanying the previous switch event(figure 1F in ref. 2). This was indeed the primary motivationfor our ‘‘replay’’ condition, with unambiguous stimulus-drivenswitches matched exactly to the time course of reported rivalryswitches. The absence of any statistically predictive relationshipin replay (figure 2A in ref. 2), despite a striking similarityin response magnitude and duration (figure 2C in ref.2), rules out that our predictive effect in rivalry was an artifactof the time course of the pupil response or of the inherentvariability in rivalry switch intervals. Furthermore, we dofind—at least for the plaid stimulus—some correlation betweenpupil diameter and the absolute post-switch dominanceduration (supporting information in ref. 2), which cannot beconfounded by the concerns raised in ref. 1. A related concernmentioned in ref. 1 is that our correlation could becaused by a systematic tendency for longer durations to followshorter durations. This effect apparently is observed in Hupe′et al.’s own data but is absent from ours: if anything, the oppositeis the case—median dominance durations after ‘‘short’’dominance durations (3 s as defined in ref. 1) tend to beshorter. Finally, we do not deny the involvement of the overt(motor) response in late phases of pupil dilation. We can,however, rule it out as the sole contributor to pupil dilationby performing the ‘‘counting’’ control and by the very correlationanalysis that Hupe et al. are contesting.

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