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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >Spatial Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Southern Ontario As Measured in Indoor and Outdoor Window Organic Films
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Spatial Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Southern Ontario As Measured in Indoor and Outdoor Window Organic Films

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摘要

Organic films were collected from indoor and outdoor window surfaces,along an urban-rural transect extending northward from Toronto,Ontario,Canada,and analyzed for 41 polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners (PBDE).For exterior films,urban poundPBDE concentrations were approx10x greater than rural concentrations,indicating an urban-rural gradient and greater PBDE sources in urban areas.Urban films ranged from 2.5 to 14.5 ng/m~2 (mean=9.0 ngl m~2),excluding the regional "hotspot" Electronics Recycling Facility,compared to 1.1 and 0.56 ng/m~2 at the Suburban and Rural sites.Interior urban films (mean=34.4 ng/m~2)were 3 times greater than rural films (10.3 ng/m~2)and were representative of variations in building characteristics.Indoor films were 1.5-20 times greater than outdoor films,consistent with indoor sources of PBDEs and enhanced degradation in outdoor films.Congener profiles were dominated by BDE-209 (51.1 ),consistent with deca-BDE as the main source mixture,followed by congeners from the penta-BDE mixture (BDE-99:13.6 and -47:9.4)and some octa-BDE (BDE-183:1.5).Congener patterns suggest a degradative loss of lower brominated compounds in outdoor films versus indoor films.Gas-phase air concentrations were back-calculated from film concentrations using the film-air partition coefficient (K_(FA)).Mean calculated air concentrations were 4.8 pg/m3 for outdoor and 42.1 pg/m~3 for indoor urban sites,indicating that urban indoor air is a source of PBDEs to urban outdoor air and the outdoor regional environment.

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T》 |2004年第3期|724-731|共8页
  • 作者

    Caaig M.Butt; Miriam L.Diamond; Jennifer TruongMichael G.IkonomouArnout F.H.Ter Schure;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Geography,University of Toronto,Toronto,Ontario,Canada M5S 3G3;

    Contaminants Science Section,Institute of Ocean Sciences,Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada,Sidney,British Columbia,Canada V8L 4B2;

    Chemical Ecology and Ecotoxicology,Department of Ecology,Lund University,Ecology Building,S-223 62 Lund,Sweden;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 英语
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
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