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首页> 外文期刊>journal, indian academy of clinical medicine >Manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV infected patients
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Manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV infected patients

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One of the most common opportunistic infection in HIV infected patients is tuberculosis. Its manifestations vary with the level of immunodeficiency. We conducted this study to find out different clinical and radiological manifestations of tuberculosis, AFB status, and tuberculin reactivity in these patients. One hundred thirty consecutive patients of tuberculosis co-infected with HIV were included in this study and were subjected to thorough clinical examination, X-ray chest, tuberculin testing, and sputum examination for AFB. Pulmonary tuberculosis was present in 80 patients and extra pulmonary in 38 patients. Sixty two percent patients had only pulmonary tuberculosis, 20 had extra-pulmonary only and 18 had both. Lymphadenopathy (18) and pleural effusion (14) were the commonest forms of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculin test was positive in 52 patients. Sputum was positive for AFB in 37 patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. Fever was the commonest presenting symptom (89) followed by anorexia (84), cough (83), profound weight loss (79), and weakness (77). Most common radiological feature of pulmonary tuberculosis was the pulmonary infiltrates in 35 patients. Cavitation was seen in 25 patients; upper zone involvement in 67 patients, and mid and lower zone involvement in 37 patients. With this study we concluded that pulmonary tuberculosis with both typical and atypical features, was the commonest manifestation of tuberculosis. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis was also very common and was mostly in the form of lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion. Tuberculin testing and sputum examination did not contribute much to diagnosis. So adequate knowledge of manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV infected individuals is absolutely necessary.

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