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Experimental manipulation of succession in heathland ecosystems

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An experiment was carried out in two heathland ecosystems, one dominated byCalluna vulgarisand the other byMolinia caerulea, to analyse the effects of soil organic matter accumulation and nutrient mineralization on plant species dynamics during succession. The experiment included one treatment that received nutrient solution and two treatments where the rate of soil organic matter accumulation was reduced by removing litter or accelerated by adding litter. In a fourth treatment theC. vulgarislitter produced in theC. vulgaris-dominated plots was replaced by litter ofM. caeruleaand vice versa. Treatments were applied over 8 years. Addition of nutrient solution causedC. vulgaristo decline, and grass species to increase sharply, compared to the control plots. Addition of litter enhanced both N mineralization and the biomass ofM. caeruleaandDeschampsia flexuosabut reduced the biomass ofC. vulgaris. The effects of replacingC. vulgarislitter byM. caerulealitter, or vice versa, on N mineralization and species dynamics could not be attributed to differences between the decomposability of the different litter materials that were transferred. The results confirm the hypothesis that increased litter inputs accelerate the rate of species replacement during succession.

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