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Special Issue on Technologies for Next-Generation Optical Networks

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摘要

The optical communications industry has undergone deep changes. This issue describes the possible future evolutionary paths. At first restricted to a relatively small group of specialists just a decade ago, the field of optical communications has developed and matured to become the spine of today's multimedia era. This special issue describes the possible future evolutionary paths of optical systems and thereby help all electrical engineers to appreciate and understand the implications of optics technology and to apply this knowledge in their own field of expertise. The optical communications industry has undergone deep changes in the past recent years. Driven by the apprehension of rapid bandwidth exhaustion at the end of the 1990s, incumbent carriers invested in significant capacity upgrades for their networks, while new operators spent billions of dollars building global fiber plants, also fed with brand new high-capacity systems. These systems all relied on the wavelength division multiplexing technology, whereby the outputs from N independent lasers, the socalled channels, each at a specific wavelength and each carrying binary information (light ON or light OFF depending on the binary information) are combined into a single fiber through colored filters, transmitted altogether, periodically amplified altogether but received separately onto N individual photodiodes after splitting through colored filters. At the end of the 1990s, capital expenditures went so high that they ultimately turned into overinvestment, converting a fast growth into a slowdown very few other industries had experienced before. This evolution naturally affected the whole optical bandwidth supply chain: operators, system integrators, and optical components manufacturers. Fortunately, at the beginning of the year 2006, this field seems to have finally recovered a pace forward.

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