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Getting into the right (urine) headspace

机译：进入正确的（尿液）顶空

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Researchers from the University of Liverpool, UK, and the University of the West of England, Bristol, UK, have built a device that can detect the early signs of bladder cancer from urine 'headspace, (the gas or empty space above the contents of a sealed container) in less than 30 min.The device, called ODOREADER, is about twice the size of a payment card reader and contains a metal oxide sensor that analyses chemicals in the gas emitted from heated urine samples, creating an odour profile,. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as formaldehyde-which are produced when malignant cells undergo metabolic changes-are separated according to their chemical properties in a gas chromatography oven and eluted from a capillary column.To assess the efficacy of ODOREADER for detecting bladder cancer, Khalid et al. studied urine samples from 98 male patients, aged 27-91 years, who presented to urology clinics in Bristol, UK, with bladder outflow obstruction symptoms or haematuria (or both). Bladder tumours were later identified in 24 of these patients and the device detected cancer in all of them, as well as correctly assigning 70 of the 74 controls (men with urological symptoms but no cancer).
机译：来自英国利物浦大学和英国布里斯托尔的西英格兰大学的研究人员已经开发出了一种设备，该设备可以从尿液的顶部空间（尿液内容物上方的气体或空白处）检测出膀胱癌的早期征兆。一个叫做ODOREADER的设备，它的大小大约是支付卡读卡器的两倍，并且装有一个金属氧化物传感器，可以分析从加热的尿液样本中释放出的气体中的化学物质，从而产生气味特征。恶性细胞发生代谢变化时产生的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）（如甲醛）根据其化学性质在气相色谱炉中进行分离，并从毛细管柱上洗脱。为评估ODOREADER在检测膀胱癌中的功效， Khalid等。研究了98位年龄在27-91岁的男性患者的尿液样本，这些患者出现在英国布里斯托尔的泌尿科门诊，有膀胱流出道梗阻症状或血尿（或两者兼有）。后来在其中的24例患者中发现了膀胱肿瘤，该设备在所有患者中检测出癌症，并正确分配了74例对照中的70例（有泌尿系统症状但无癌症的男性）。

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