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Numerical simulation and field survey of inundation due to 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka

机译：斯里兰卡亭可马里2004年印度洋海啸造成的淹没的数值模拟和现场调查

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摘要

This paper outlines the field measurements and numerical modelling carried out to develop a high-resolution tsunami inundation map, as a case study, for the city of Trincomalee on the east coast of Sri Lanka, which was devastated by the 2004 tsunami.We employ the deterministic approach together with numerical simulations based on the probable worst-case scenario to derive the inundation map. Linear and non-linear versions of shallow-water equations have been utilized to simulate tsunami propagationand onshore inundation, respectively. The field data considered in the present paper comprise the extent of inundation, the tsunami heights and the arrival times whilst the model results include the spatial distribution of the flow depth, the peak current speeds and the momentum flux. The computed extent of onshore inundation reproduces the observed overall pattern of inundation in most areas barring the south-eastern part of the city. Further, the model simulations suggest maximum flow depths up to about 2 m in most areas of the city whilst patches of flow depths exceeding 2 m can be seen in a narrow strip along the coastline. The computed current speeds also exceed 3 m/s at some locations adjacent to the shoreline.
机译：本文概述了为制作高分辨率海啸淹没图而进行的现场测量和数值模拟，以案例研究为例，对斯里兰卡东海岸的亭可马里市（2004年海啸造成的破坏）进行了研究。确定性方法以及基于可能的最坏情况的数值模拟来得出淹没图。浅水方程的线性和非线性版本已分别用于模拟海啸传播和岸上淹没。本文所考虑的现场数据包括淹没程度，海啸高度和到达时间，而模型结果包括流动深度，峰值电流速度和动量通量的空间分布。计算得出的陆上淹没程度重现了除城市东南部以外大部分地区观察到的总体淹没模式。此外，模型模拟表明，在城市的大部分地区，最大水流深度可达约2 m，而在沿海岸线的狭窄地带中可以看到流水深度超过2 m的斑块。在靠近海岸线的某些位置，计算出的当前速度也超过3 m / s。

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