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首页> 外文期刊>Natural hazards and earth system sciences >Modelling soil erosion at European scale: towards harmonization and reproducibility
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Modelling soil erosion at European scale: towards harmonization and reproducibility

机译：在欧洲范围内对土壤侵蚀进行建模：实现协调与可复制

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Soil erosion by water is one of the most widespread forms of soil degradation. The loss of soil as a result of erosion can lead to decline in organic matter and nutrient contents, breakdown of soil structure and reduction of the water-holding capacity. Measuring soil loss across the whole landscape is impractical and thus research is needed to improve methods of estimating soil erosion with computational modelling, upon which integrated assessment and mitigation strategies may be based. Despite the efforts, the prediction value of existing models is still limited, especially at regional and continental scale, because a systematic knowledge of local climatological and soil parameters is often unavailable. A new approach for modelling soil erosion at regional scale is here proposed. It is based on the joint use of low-data-demanding models and innovative techniques for better estimating model inputs. The proposed modelling architecture has at its basis the semantic array programming paradigm and a strong effort towards computational reproducibility. An extended version of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) has been implemented merging different empirical rainfall-erosivity equations within a climatic ensemble model and adding a new factor for a better consideration of soil stoniness within the model. Pan-European soil erosion rates by water have been estimated through the use of publicly available data sets and locally reliable empirical relationships. The accuracy of the results is corroborated by a visual plausibility check (63% of a random sample of grid cells are accurate, 83% at least moderately accurate, bootstrap p <= 0.05). A comparison with country-level statistics of pre-existing European soil erosion maps is also provided.
机译：水对土壤的侵蚀是土壤退化的最普遍形式之一。侵蚀造成的土壤流失会导致有机质和养分含量下降，土壤结构破裂并降低保水能力。测量整个景观的水土流失是不切实际的，因此需要进行研究以改进通过计算模型估算水土流失的方法，而综合评估和减缓策略可能以此为基础。尽管做出了努力，但现有模型的预测价值仍然有限，尤其是在区域和大陆范围内，因为通常无法获得对当地气候和土壤参数的系统了解。本文提出了一种在区域尺度上模拟土壤侵蚀的新方法。它基于低数据需求模型和创新技术的联合使用，可以更好地估计模型输入。所提出的建模体系结构以语义数组编程范式为基础，并且在计算重现性方面付出了巨大的努力。修订版通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）的扩展版本已实现，它将气候集合模型中的不同经验降雨-侵蚀力方程合并在一起，并增加了一个新的因素以更好地考虑模型中的土壤弹性。通过使用公开可用的数据集和当地可靠的经验关系，可以估算出泛欧洲的水土流失率。视觉上的真实性检查证实了结果的准确性（63％的网格单元随机样本是准确的，83％至少是中等准确的，自举p <= 0.05）。还提供了与欧洲现有土壤侵蚀图的国家级统计数据的比较。

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