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首页> 外文期刊>Neuron >Adaptive training diminishes distractibility in aging across species
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Adaptive training diminishes distractibility in aging across species

机译：适应性训练减少了物种间衰老的分散性

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摘要

Aging is associated with deficits in the ability to ignore distractions, which has not yet been remediated by any neurotherapeutic approach. Here, in parallel auditory experiments with older rats and humans, we evaluated a targeted cognitive training approach that adaptively manipulated distractor challenge. Training resulted in enhanced discrimination abilities in the setting of irrelevant information in both species that was driven by selectively diminished distraction-related errors. Neural responses to distractors in auditory cortex were selectively reduced in both species, mimicking the behavioral effects. Sensory receptive fields in trained rats exhibited improved spectral and spatial selectivity. Frontal theta measures of top-down engagement with distractors were selectively restrained in trained humans. Finally, training gains generalized to groupand individual level benefits in aspects of working memory and sustained attention. Thus, we demonstrate converging cross-species evidence for training-induced selective plasticity of distractor processing at multiple neural scales, benefitting distractor suppression and cognitive control.
机译：衰老与忽视分心的能力不足有关，而神经疗法尚未对此进行补救。在这里，在对老年大鼠和人类进行的并行听觉实验中，我们评估了一种有针对性的认知训练方法，该方法可以自适应地控制干扰物的挑战。训练导致在两个物种的不相关信息设置中增强的辨别能力，这是由选择性减少与分心有关的错误所驱动的。在两个物种中，选择性地减少了对听觉皮层中的牵张器的神经反应，模仿了行为影响。受过训练的大鼠的感觉感受野表现出改善的光谱和​​空间选择性。在受过训练的人类中，有选择性地限制了自上而下与干扰物接合的额叶theta措施。最后，在工作记忆和持续关注方面，培训收益普遍可归为团体和个人层面的收益。因此，我们证明了跨物种证据的融合，可以在多个神经尺度上训练诱导的干扰物处理的选择性可塑性，从而有利于干扰物的抑制和认知控制。

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