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首页> 外文期刊>Global journal of medicine and public health. >Health literacy and food consumption habits of an adult population on the African island of Cabo Verde
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Health literacy and food consumption habits of an adult population on the African island of Cabo Verde

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BackgroundFood choices and health literacy are fundamental factors in healthpromotion; they help to establish epidemiological associations betweenfood consumption choices and aspects of health. To deliver effective healthpolicies to a sub-population in Africa, it is important to understand foodconsumption patterns and levels of health literacy within the population.The aim of this study was to assess levels of health literacy amongst foodconsumers living in Cidade da Praia, the capital city of Cabo Verde, and therelationship between health literacy and food consumption choices. Theobjectives were: to identify the health literacy level of food consumers inCidade da Praia, to describe those consumers’ behaviours and to assess therelationship between consumer habits and health.MethodsA questionnaire was applied to a sample of 210 individuals to characterizetheir health literacy level; their awareness of food labelling relating toethical production, sustainable consumption and nutritional value; andtheir conscious decisions to choose healthier food products. Health literacywas evaluated using a Portuguese version of NVS, a tool by which healthrelated information – in this case nutritional information written on a foodlabel – is used to demonstrate one’s ability to use it to answer to questions.ResultsThe sample consisted of 210 individuals, 83 male (39.5) and 127 female (60.5), aged between 15 and 65years. Evaluation of health literacy levels determined that 64.5 of the individuals have a high probability ofhaving low health literacy. Of these, 46.9 read food labels frequently, primarily to check food expirationdates. No gender differences were observed in how labels were read (p=0.857). Awareness of sustainable andethical practices was evident, as natural products and those claiming a fair working environment for producersinfluenced consumer choices. Participants recognized the relationship between food and health: 71 reportedthat they prefer buying food which displays health claims including low-fat, low-salt and low-sugar content.ConclusionThere is a fundamental need to improve health literacy levels in this African sub-population. The population isalready displaying awareness of sustainability and healthier content in consumption choices. The studyrespondents refer to and are influenced by food labels but may not have the basic or health literacy levels tomake the most of the information provided. By increasing health literacy, people will be empowered to makehealthier food choices and consequently health can be promoted through consumer behaviour.

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