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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >Phosphorylation during mitosis: how many kinases are out there?
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Phosphorylation during mitosis: how many kinases are out there?

机译：有丝分裂期间的磷酸化：那里有多少种激酶？

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Mitosis is accompanied by a dramatic cellular reorganization. Arguably the most striking is the breakdown of the nuclear envelope and the condensation of the chromatids. The latter requires that proteins involved in gene expression are removed from chromatin, resulting in transient inhibition of gene transcription. Indeed, the binding of proteins to DNA is inhibited at the beginning of mitosis. For example, the inactivation of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex during mitosis reduces the accessibility of transcriptional regulators to DNA.1 Moreover, post-translational modifications, such asphosphorylation of transcriptional regulators, prevent their binding to promoters and other regulatory sequences (Fig. 1).C2H2 zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) represent the largest family of transcriptional regulators.Besides the ZFs that make base-specific contacts with DNA, the linkers between the ZFs have attracted considerable attention.They are highly conserved, with consensus sequence TGEKP, and have the regulatory functions. Importantly, the threonine in the linkers of the two ZFPs Ikaros and YY1 is phosphorylated during mitosis, which inhibits DNA binding and promotes release from chromatin.
机译：有丝分裂伴随着剧烈的细胞重组。可以说，最惊人的是核膜的破裂和染色单体的凝结。后者要求从染色质中去除参与基因表达的蛋白质，从而导致基因转录的瞬时抑制。实际上，在有丝分裂开始时，蛋白质与DNA的结合受到抑制。例如，有丝分裂期间SWI / SNF染色质重塑复合物的失活降低了转录调节子对DNA的可及性.1此外，翻译后修饰（例如转录调节子的磷酸化）阻止了它们与启动子和其他调节序列的结合（图1）.C2H2锌指蛋白（ZFP）代表最大的转录调节子家族，除了与DNA发生碱基特异性接触的ZF之外，ZF之间的接头也引起了相当大的关注。它们高度保守，共有序列TGEKP ，并具有监管功能。重要的是，两个ZFP Ikaros和YY1的接头中的苏氨酸在有丝分裂过程中被磷酸化，从而抑制了DNA结合并促进了从染色质的释放。

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