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Meta-analysis.

机译:后分析。

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摘要

Systematic reviews use explicit and reproducible criteria to assemble, appraise, and combine articles with a minimum of bias. Meta-analysis is a form of systematic review that uses statistical techniques to derive quantitative estimates of the magnitude of treatment effects and their associated precision. Valid meta-analyses address focused questions, use appropriate criteria to select articles, assess the quality and combinability of articles, provide graphic and numeric summaries, consider potential biases, and can be generalized to a meaningful target population. The rate difference, or absolute risk reduction, is the preferred measure of clinical effect size; the reciprocal tells the number needed to treat for one additional favorable outcome. The benefits of meta-analysis over individual trials include greater precision, increased statistical power, and the ability to identify and explore diversity among studies. Threats to validity include heterogeneity, citation bias, publication bias, language bias, and variations in study quality. Because meta-analysis defines rational treatment expectations at a population level, it is an adjunct to, not a substitute for, clinical judgment in the care of individual patients. Copyright (c) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.
机译:系统评价使用明确且可复制的标准,以最小的偏差来组装,评估和组合文章。荟萃分析是系统评价的一种形式,它使用统计技术得出对治疗效果及其相关精度的定量估计。有效的荟萃分析可解决重点问题,使用适当的标准来选择文章,评估文章的质量和可组合性,提供图形和数字摘要,考虑潜在的偏见,并且可以将其推广到有意义的目标人群。比率差异或绝对风险降低是临床效果大小的首选度量;倒数表示治疗一种额外的有利结果所需的人数。与单个试验相比,荟萃分析的好处包括更高的准确性,更高的统计能力以及识别和探索研究之间差异的能力。对有效性的威胁包括异质性,引文偏见,出版偏见,语言偏见以及研究质量的变化。因为荟萃分析在人群水平上定义了合理的治疗期望,所以它是对个人患者的临床判断的辅助而非替代。版权所有(c)2004 S.Karger AG,巴塞尔。

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