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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Nitrogen Management for Irrigated Potato Production under Conventional and Reduced Tillage
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Nitrogen Management for Irrigated Potato Production under Conventional and Reduced Tillage

机译：常规耕作和减耕法下灌溉马铃薯生产的氮素管理

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) field studies were conducted under center pivot irrigation for 4 yr using large plots and standard industry cultural practices to evaluate tillage effects (reduced vs. conventional) and different N management practices (preplant plus in-season N rates of 56 + 280, 112 + 224, 112 + 336, and 112 + 112 kg N ha super(-1)). Despite growing conditions that produced tuber yields up to 80 Mg ha super(-1), potato size distribution and tuber specific gravity were similar across different tillage and N management practices with minor exceptions in one out of 4 yr. Reduced tillage avoided four equipment passes compared with conventional tillage. Tuber yield and quality were similar across all N rates. Increasing the frequency of in-season N application from five to 10 at a given N rate did not produce increased tuber yield or improved quality. This study demonstrated no negative effects of reduced tillage for irrigated potato production. The optimal N fertilization program appears to be 112 kg N ha super(-1) preplant application and a similar in-season N rate in five applications on a 2-wk interval beginning 4 wk after seedling emergence. Therefore, reduced tillage offers an option for saving energy and labor costs without compromising tuber yield or quality, and thus provides an economic incentive in addition to the benefits of reducing soil erosion and enhancing soil biology and soil quality.
机译：马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）田间研究是在中枢灌溉下进行的，为期4年，采用大块土地和标准的行业文化习惯来评估耕作效果（相对于常规耕作减少）和不同的氮素管理措施（种植前加上季节施氮量）。 56 + 280、112 + 224、112 + 336和112 + 112 kg N ha super（-1））。尽管生长条件导致块茎产量高达80 Mg ha super（-1），但在不同耕作和氮素管理实践中，马铃薯的大小分布和块茎比重相似，但四年中只有一个例外。与传统的耕作相比，减少的耕作避免了四次设备通过。在所有氮肥施用量下，块茎产量和品质均相似。在给定的施氮量下，季节施氮频率从5增加到10不会增加块茎产量或改善质量。这项研究表明减少耕作对灌溉马铃薯的生产没有负面影响。最佳氮肥施用方案似乎是在苗出苗后4周开始的2周间隔内，以112 kg N ha super（-1）的种植前施用量和五次施用中类似的季节性N施用量。因此，减少耕种是节省能源和人工成本而不损害块茎产量或品质的一种选择，因此除减少土壤侵蚀和增强土壤生物学和土壤质量的益处外，还提供了经济上的激励。

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