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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Advances in Understanding Top-of-Atmosphere Radiation Variability from Satellite Observations
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Advances in Understanding Top-of-Atmosphere Radiation Variability from Satellite Observations

机译：通过卫星观测了解大气层顶辐射变异性的研究进展

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摘要

This paper highlights how the emerging record of satellite observations from the Earth Observation System (EOS) and A-Train constellation are advancing our ability to more completely document and understand the underlying processes associated with variations in the Earth's top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation budget. Large-scale TOA radiation changes during the past decade are observed to be within 0. 5 Wm ~(-2) per decade based upon comparisons between Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments aboard Terra and Aqua and other instruments. Tropical variations in emitted outgoing longwave (LW) radiation are found to closely track changes in the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During positive ENSO phase (El Ni?o), outgoing LW radiation increases, and decreases during the negative ENSO phase (La Ni?a). The coldest year during the last decade occurred in 2008, during which strong La Nina conditions persisted throughout most of the year. Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) observations show that the lower temperatures extended throughout much of the troposphere for several months, resulting in a reduction in outgoing LW radiation and an increase in net incoming radiation. At the global scale, outgoing LW flux anomalies are partially compensated for by decreases in midlatitude cloud fraction and cloud height, as observed by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer and Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer, respectively. CERES data show that clouds have a net radiative warming influence during La Ni?a conditions and a net cooling influence during El Ni?o, but the magnitude of the anomalies varies greatly from one ENSO event to another. Regional cloud-radiation variations among several Terra and A-Train instruments show consistent patterns and exhibit marked fluctuations at monthly timescales in response to tropical atmosphere-ocean dynamical processes associated with ENSO and Madden-Julian Oscillation.
机译：本文重点介绍了来自地球观测系统（EOS）和A-火车星座的卫星观测的新兴记录如何提高我们更完整地记录和​​理解与地球大气层（TOA）变化相关的潜在过程的能力辐射预算。根据对Terra和Aqua和其他仪器上的云与地球辐射能系统（CERES）仪器之间的比较，观察到过去十年中TOA的大规模辐射变化在每十年0. 5 Wm〜（-2）以内。发现发出的长波（LW）辐射的热带变化密切跟踪了El Ni？o-南方涛动（ENSO）的变化。在ENSO正相（El Ni？o）期间，输出的LW辐射增加，而在ENSO负相（La Ni？a）减少。过去十年中最冷的一年发生在2008年，在此期间，全年大部分时间都持续出现强劲的拉尼娜现象。大气红外测深仪（AIRS）的观测结果表明，较低的温度在整个对流层中延伸了数月之久，导致输出的LW辐射减少，净输入辐射增加。在全球范围内，分别由中分辨率成像光谱仪和多角度成像光谱辐射仪观察到的中纬度云度分数和云高度的降低可以部分补偿外来的LW通量异常。 CERES数据显示，在La Ni？a条件下，云具有净辐射变暖影响，而在El Ni？o期间具有净降温影响，但异常的强度在一次ENSO事件之间发生很大变化。响应于ENSO和Madden-Julian涛动相关的热带海洋-海洋动力学过程，几种Terra和A-Train仪器之间的区域云辐射变化显示出一致的模式，并在每月的时间尺度上表现出明显的波动。

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