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首页> 外文期刊>Surveys in Geophysics: An International Review Journal of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences >Airborne gradiometry error analysis
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Airborne gradiometry error analysis

机译：机载梯度仪误差分析

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摘要

Gravity gradiometry is one of the older methods of determining the Earth's local gravitational field, but lies in the shadow of more conventional static and moving-base gravimeter-based systems. While the static torsion balance appears to have been relegated to the museum, support for the airborne and space-borne differential accelerometer (gradiometer) continues so as to overcome limitations in spatial resolution and accuracy inherent in ordinary moving-base gravimetry. One airborne system exists, building on 30 year old technology concepts, and new technologies ( e. g., cold-atom interferometry) promise significant improvements. Concomitant advances are required to measure accurately the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the platform, which inseparably combine ( in an absolute sense) with the Earth's gravitational gradients. A numerical analysis of instrument errors, with simulated aircraft dynamics, shows that navigation-grade gyros are just sufficient to account for these effects in gradiometers with 1E/root Hz sensitivity. More accurate instruments, with 0.1 E/root Hz sensitivity, require commensurate sensitivity in the gyros, of the order of 0.01 degrees/h/root Hz = 1.5 x 10(-4)degrees/root h for typical survey aircraft dynamics. On the other hand, typical orientation errors in the platform, which are problematic for vector gravimetry, are much less of a concern in gradiometry. They couple to the gradient signals and affect only the very low frequencies of the total gradient error.
机译：重力梯度法是确定地球局部重力场的较旧方法之一，但是它位于更常规的基于静态和基于移动的重力仪的系统的阴影中。虽然静态扭转平衡似乎已归咎于博物馆，但仍继续支持机载和天基差分加速度计（梯度仪），以克服普通移动基准重力仪固有的空间分辨率和精度限制。现有的机载系统以30年的技术概念为基础，而新技术（例如冷原子干涉仪）有望显着改善。需要伴随着进步来精确地测量平台的角速度和角加速度，这与地球的重力梯度密不可分（绝对意义上）。借助模拟的飞机动力学对仪器误差进行的数值分析表明，导航级陀螺仪足以解决灵敏度为1E /根Hz的梯度仪中的这些影响。更精确的仪器（灵敏度为0.1 E /根Hz）要求陀螺仪具有相称的灵敏度，对于典型的测量飞机动力学，其灵敏度约为0.01度/ h /根Hz = 1.5 x 10（-4）度/根h。另一方面，平台的典型方向误差对矢量重力法来说是有问题的，而梯度法则少了很多问题。它们耦合到梯度信号，仅影响总梯度误差的非常低的频率。

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