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New light on the farside of the Moon

机译：月球远端的新光

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The farside of the Moon, for so long a symbol of the eternal unknown, has lost yet more of its mystery. Last month the first analyses of data from Japan's SELENE mission gave new insights into the nature of theEarth's only natural satellite and revealed why the near and far surfaces are so different. Since the Sovietspacecraft Luna 3 made the first trek around the Moon in 1959, scientists have known the nearside hasmore dark, low-lying pools of solidified lava or "maria" than the farside, which is dominated by bright,heavily cratered highlands. Measurements of the nearside obtained by later lunar probes have alsoimplied that the solidified lava is responsible for most instances of high gravity — bar one, in the so-calledMare Orientale basin. This region has a core of high gravity surrounded by abnormally low gravity, whichscientists think resulted from a meteorite impact propelling magma up through the crust. Now, NoriyukiNamiki of Kyushu University in Japan and colleagues have used data obtained by SELENE to build animproved gravitational map of the entire Moon that reveals a number of high-gravity regions like MareOrientale that exist on the farside (Science 323 900). In the map shown above, the farside of the Moon ison the left and the nearside on the right. Pink areas indicate lower gravity, while yellow and red areasindicate higher gravity. SELENE was launched in September 2007 and has returned a wide range of data,in particular about the conditions at the time of the "late heavy bombardment" 4.5 billion years ago.
机译：长期以来，永恒之光的象征-月球的远端，已经失去了更多的奥秘。上个月，对日本SELENE任务的数据进行的首次分析为地球唯一的天然卫星的性质提供了新见解，并揭示了近，远地表为何如此不同。自从1959年苏联航天飞机Luna 3绕月球进行首次跋涉以来，科学家们已经知道，比起由明亮，高坑坑洼洼的高原所占据的远侧，近侧有更多的黑暗低洼凝固的熔岩或“玛丽亚”水池。通过后来的月球探测器获得的近侧测量结果也表明，凝固的熔岩是造成高重力的大多数情况的原因-在所谓的东方马雷盆地中，第一条是高重力的。该区域的核心是高重力，周围是异常低的重力，科学家认为这是陨石撞击推动岩浆穿过地壳的结果。现在，日本九州大学的NoriyukiNamiki及其同事已使用SELENE获得的数据来绘制整个月球的引力图，该图揭示了许多高重力区，如遥远的MareOrientale（科学323900）。在上面显示的地图中，月球的远端在左侧，而近端在右侧。粉色区域表示重力较低，而黄色和红色区域表示重力较高。 SELENE于2007年9月发射，已返回了广泛的数据，特别是有关45亿年前“后期重磅轰炸”时的情况。

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