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Quantum turbulence

机译:量子湍流

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摘要

The paper is concerned with turbulence in a superfluid, in which flow is strongly influenced by the quantum effects that give rise to two-fluid behaviour, frictionless flow of the superfluid component, and restrictions on rotational motion. There is now significant experimental evidence relating to simple forms of turbulent flow in superfluid He-4 in circumstances where comparison is possible with an analogous flow in a classical fluid. The similarities and differences are analyzed, and the evidence is assessed for quasi-classical behaviour at large length scales in the quantum case. Dissipative processes at small length scales in the superfluid are discussed; they are shown to lead to an effective viscosity but to be based on novel quantum processes. The need for further experiments, especially at very low temperatures and in superfluid He-3-B, is emphasized. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 1]
机译:本文关注的是超流体中的湍流,其中的流动受到量子效应的强烈影响,量子效应会引起双流体行为,超流体成分的无摩擦流动以及对旋转运动的限制。现在有大量的实验证据表明,在可能与经典流体中的类似流动进行比较的情况下,超流体He-4中的湍流呈简单形式。分析了异同,并评估了在量子情况下在大尺度上的准经典行为的证据。讨论了超流体中小尺度的耗散过程。它们被证明可以产生有效的粘度,但是基于新颖的量子过程。强调了进一步实验的需要,特别是在非常低的温度和超流体He-3-B中。 (C)2003 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。 [参考:1]

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