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>Glycemic Regulation, Appetite, and Ex-Vivo Oxidative Stress in Young Adults Following Consumption of High Carbohydrate Cereal Bars Fortified with Polyphenol-Rich Berries
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Glycemic Regulation, Appetite, and Ex-Vivo Oxidative Stress in Young Adults Following Consumption of High Carbohydrate Cereal Bars Fortified with Polyphenol-Rich Berries
Consumption of certain berries appears to slow postprandial glucose absorption, attributable to polyphenols, which may benefit exercise and cognition, reduce appetite and/or oxidative stress. This randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled study determined whether polyphenol-rich fruits added to carbohydrate-based foods produce a dose-dependent moderation of postprandial glycemic, glucoregulatory hormone, appetite, and ex-vivo oxidative stress responses. Twenty participants (18M/2F; 245 yr; BMI: 273 kg/m2) consumed one of five cereal bars (88 carbohydrate) containing no fruit ingredients (reference), freeze-dried black raspberries (10% or 20% total weight; LO-R and HI-R, respectively), and cranberry extract (0.5% or 1% total weight; LO-C and HI-C), on trials separated by 5 d. Postprandial peak/nadir from baseline (max) and incremental postprandial area-under-the-curve (AUC) over 60- and 180-min, for glucose and other biochemistries were measured to examine dose-dependent effects. Glucose AUC0-180mins trended towards being higher (43%) after HI-R versus LO-R (P=0.06), with no glucose differences between the raspberry and reference bars. Relative to reference, HI-R resulted in a 17% lower max insulin, 3% lower C-peptide (AUC0-60mins and 3% lower GIP (AUC0-180mins) p0.05. No treatment effects were observed for the cranberry bars regarding glucose and glucoregulatory hormones, nor were any treatment effects noted for either berry-type regarding ex-vivo oxidation, appetite mediating hormones, or appetite. Fortification with freeze-dried black-raspberries (25 g, containing 1.2 g of polyphenols) seems to slightly improve the glucoregulatory hormone and glycemic responses to a high-carbohydrate food item in young adults, but did not affect appetite or oxidative stress responses at doses or with methods studied herein. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT02763020
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