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Radioprotective Properties of DNA Methylation-Disrupting Agents

机译：DNa甲基化破坏剂的辐射防护性能

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The methylation of cytosine residues in DNA has been shown to be involved inseveral cellular processes including gene expression, carcinogenesis, and DNA repair. The hypomethylation of DNA can result in the activation of normally quiescent genes (Compere and Palmiter 1981), whereas methylated genes tend not to be expressed (Sutter and Doerfler 1980). Tumor cell DNA is also undermethylated, when compared to normal cells, with the extent of hypomethylation dependent upon the tumor type (Gama-Sosa et al. 1983). DNA methylation has also been postulated to play a role in DNA repair. The occurrence of 5-methylcytosine in DNA may allow the cell to discriminate between strands in mis-match repair (Hare and Taylor 1985, Jones et al. 1987, Wiebauer and Jiricny 1989). Damage to 5-methylcytosine residues, resulting in deamination to thymine, could be corrected by the appropriate repair enzymes by using the undamaged DNA strand, containing 5-methylcytosine as a marker, as a template for repair.

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