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Analysis of Oxides on a Steam Generator Tube and Clean-Up Circuit Pipe from Loviisa 2 and the Impact on Assessment of Cobalt Sources

机译:Loviisa 2蒸汽发生器管和清理回路管道上的氧化物分析及对钴源的评估

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Results from examination of the oxide on AISI 321 stainless steel steam generator tube and clean-up circuit pipe from the Soviet designed VVER 440 Loviisa 2 PWR in Finland are presented. The oxide on the specimens has been examined by a variety of techniques including alpha and gamma spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy with X-ray analysis, metallography, electron probe microanalysis, X-ray diffraction and wet chemical analysis. The oxide weight and concentrations of the major elements in the oxide, i.e. iron, chromium and nickel are similar to those on Westinghouse PWR specimens. The cobalt concentrations, however, are markedly different; there is no cobalt enrichment in the Loviisa 2 specimens, whereas Westinghouse PWR specimens show enrichment factors in the range 4-30. The concentrations of /sup 60/Co and /sup 54/Mn are also much lower on the Loviisa 2 specimens. The consequences of these results for the assessment of cobalt sources in a Westinghouse PWR are discussed. (ERA citation 13:011420)

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