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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Research Needs to Assess Population-Level Effects of Multiple Stresses on Fish and Shellfish. Environmental Sciences Division Publication No. 1995
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Research Needs to Assess Population-Level Effects of Multiple Stresses on Fish and Shellfish. Environmental Sciences Division Publication No. 1995

机译：研究需要评估多重胁迫对鱼类和贝类的种群水平影响。环境科学部出版物第1995号

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Because the cumulative effects of many stresses may cause the collapse of a population even when the effects of each stress alone may appear insignificant, assessment and prioritization of research needs concerning the effects of multiple stresses on fish and shellfish populations are desirable. Research needs have been developed for laboratory and field experiments and for mathematical methods useful for describing the effects of stress at the individual and population levels. Needs for laboratory and field research are concerned with (1) correcting inadequacies prevalent in earlier studies, (2) emphasizing usage of multispecies and microcosm studies, and (3) taking advantage of de facto field experiments undergoing known stresses. Further development of theory is needed to (1) incorporate the influence of physical-chemical and biological factors on toxicity, (2) describe sublethal effects of stress on growth and reproduction, and (3) relate toxic effects (lethal and sublethal) to internal toxicant concentrations rather than to ambient toxicant concentrations. Simpler modeling approaches should also be considered for both screening and comparison purposes. As more data become available for fish population considered to be at risk, more complex models can be phased in sequentially. A combined bioenergetics-Leslie matrix approach is emphasized for comparing population-level predictions under alternative stress hypotheses. (ERA citation 08:010786)

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