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首页> 美国政府科技报告 >Cell Differentiation, Alterations in Polyamine Levels, and Specific Binding of Phorbol Diesters in Cultured Human Cells
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Cell Differentiation, Alterations in Polyamine Levels, and Specific Binding of Phorbol Diesters in Cultured Human Cells

机译：细胞分化，多胺水平的改变以及phorbol Diesters在培养的人类细胞中的特异性结合

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The concept of chemical carcinogenesis is that of a multistage process that is probably initiated by a somatic mutation caused by the carcinogen. Various studies have demonstrated the capacity of a large number of chemical carcinogens to induce mutations. It is also presumed that in human or animal cells these mutations may involve the genes controlling the expression of malignant transformations. Other studies, however, have indicated that certain environmental agents may act during the subsequent stages of the carcinogenesis process to promote tumor formation. The action of these tumor promoters may be a rate-limiting determinant in carcinogenesis since mutagens are ubiquitous in nature. In view of this, it is important to elucidate the mode of action and to identify environmental chemicals which may act as tumor promoters. Although the exact mechanism by which these environmental chemicals promote tumor formation is not known, it is known that many of these agents are devoid of mutagenic activity in the various bacterial and mammalia mutagenesis assays. These chemicals, most likely, promote tumor formation not by a mutational mechanism but rather by another process such as altering cellular differentiation processes. Indeed, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and related phorbol diesters, which are tumor promoters in a two-stage skin carcinogenesis system, were found to alter cell differentiation in some avian and murine cells. (ERA citation 07:012413)

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